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Transformations of Demographic Processes in Yakutia
Our analysis of the population reproduction transformations observed in Yakutia shows that sources of the population changed. The natural population growth in the region does not balance the outward migration flows, and depopulation could be regarded as a current trend of the regional demographic development. The aggregate and crude birth rates are still high. Despite the rise in births over the previous decade, the population replacement has been observed. The high indicators of bastardy are still characteristic and this displays the existence of new forms of matrimonial behavior in the region. The number of deaths in the region still remains high whereas the expected lifespan is low. The transformations observed take place due to positive dynamics of infant mortality. In recent years a coefficient of outward migration flow dropped but it is twice as much in the region than in the Far East District in whole
Pakhomov A. A. a.a.pakhomov@prez.ysn.ru
Mostakhova T. S. mostakhovats@mail.ru
Keywords: Yakutia demographic indicators transformation fertility risks birth rate country trends
Assessing Factors of Regional Differentiation for Indicators Characterizing Population Reproduction in Russia
The paper demonstrates regional differentiation of indicators of natural population reproduction in Russia, domestic and foreign migration by federal districts. On the basis of econometric equations on panel data for 78 subjects of the Russian Federation in 2003-2011, we have identified significant factors influencing birth rate, death rate and life expectancy in Russia. Obtained quantitative evaluations are of considerable interest. In particular, increase in well-being and availability of housing has positive influence on birth rate. One of the main reasons for the Russian people to have fewer children is poor quality of life which does not satisfy current needs of the population and shows that social programs for young families support are very desirable. Maj or decrease in birth rate against the background of increasing proportion of urban population proves necessity to support and develop rural areas around large cities. Obtained assessments help to conclude that natural reproduction rate of the Russians is lower than the average one in the country. Excessive alcohol consumption reduces life expectancy by an average of1.59 years, and adverse climatic conditions do by an average of 0.47 years in comparison to the favorable Black Sea climate
Gilmundinov V. M. gilmundinov@mail.ru
Keywords: Russian federal districts fertility risks country birth rate death rate migration region
Variable-based calculation of the people's life expectancies in the Vologda Oblast
The paper analyses the dependence of people's life expectancies and medical and demographic indicators in regions. A demographic situation in the Vologda Oblast shows a rise - its death rates down, birth rates and life expectancy up. Our variable-based calculations of the life expectancies in the region were made in assumption of downs in mortality and ups in death rates.
Lastochkina M. A. mashkop@mail.ru
Keywords: mortality life expectancy risks fertility population health
Health risks and how to measure them
The public health is considered as an important qualitative characteristic of the population and its resource as well as an integral indicator of communities' welfare. The paper analyses the key factors of morbidity, mortality and risks affected the population of different demographic groups in the Siberian Federal District. To measure such risks, we developed the indicators, and estimated their values, which we consider normal and advisable to be reached if we want to neutralize or mitigate any negative impacts on public health.
Soboleva S. V. soboleva@ieie.nsc.ru
Smirnova N. Ie. soboleva@ieie.nsc.ru
Chudayeva O. V. soboleva@ieie.nsc.ru
Keywords: population health Siberia energy-output ratio Siberia risks morbidity mortality reproductive health
